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Prevailing Wage and Davis-Bacon Compliance in North Dakota

eMars provides certified payroll and compliance solutions tailored primarily for federal projects and select state jurisdictions. While many agencies accept the standard WH-347 form, some states will require their own form. For questions about supported jurisdictions, please contact our team directly.

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North Dakota's Public Works Regulations

North Dakota has never enacted a state prevailing wage law, however, public works projects in North Dakota are subject to federal regulations when federal funding is involved:

  • Federal Law: The Davis-Bacon and Related Acts (DBRA) apply to federally funded or federally assisted construction contracts in ND, requiring payment of the locally prevailing wages and fringe benefits set by the U.S. Department of Labor.
  • State Law: ND does not have a "Little Davis-Bacon Act" or substitute prevailing wage statute. State and locally funded public works contracts are subject to whatever wage terms the awarding agency writes into the contract itself.

For federally funded highway construction in ND, the U.S. Department of Labor has formally delegated Davis-Bacon enforcement to the North Dakota Department of Transportation (NDDOT), which runs its own Labor Compliance Program. Contractors on these projects file certified payroll with NDDOT and work with NDDOT's compliance staff on payroll review, on-site interviews, and corrective actions. State construction contracts are subject to contractor licensing under NDCC Chapter 43-07 and public works bond requirements under NDCC Chapter 48.

Definition of "Public Works" in North Dakota

In North Dakota, public works generally refers to construction, repair, or maintenance projects involving public infrastructure or government-owned facilities. These include:

  • Schools and government buildings
  • Highways, bridges, and roads
  • Water treatment plants and sewer infrastructure
  • Federally assisted energy projects, including solar panel and wind turbine installation, broadband installation, and EV charging station installation

When these projects are federally funded, they are subject to Davis-Bacon prevailing wage requirements. State and locally funded ND public works projects are not subject to a state prevailing wage rate.

Prevailing Wage Determinations: Federal (Davis-Bacon) Requirements

Because ND has no state prevailing wage law, the U.S. Department of Labor sets the prevailing wage rates that apply to federally funded or assisted construction in the state. Key points include:

  • Davis-Bacon Act (Federal Requirement): The U.S. Department of Labor determines prevailing wage rates by county and construction type, published on SAM.gov, based on local wage surveys.
  • NDDOT Davis-Bacon Enforcement: For federally funded highway construction projects, NDDOT administers Davis-Bacon compliance under delegated authority from U.S. DOL, including wage rate enforcement, certified payroll review, and on-site interviews.
  • No State-Specific Wage Rates: ND does not publish state prevailing wage determinations, so only federally funded projects are subject to prevailing wage requirements.

Components of Wage Determinations

Federal wage determinations applied in North Dakota include:

  • Basic Hourly Rate: The minimum hourly wage paid directly to workers in a specific job classification, set by DOL through local wage surveys.
  • Fringe Benefits: Non-cash compensation such as health insurance, retirement plans, and vacation/holiday pay paid on top of the basic rate.
  • Total Hourly Rate: The sum of the basic hourly wage plus fringe benefits. Contractors can provide bona fide fringe benefits directly or pay the equivalent value as additional cash on top of the basic rate.

If no fringe benefits are provided, the contractor must pay the full total hourly rate as cash wages, matching the basic rate plus the fringe rate listed on the applicable SAM.gov wage determination.

Compliance for Contractors and Subcontractors

Contractors and subcontractors on federally funded public works projects must ensure compliance with the Davis-Bacon Act. The following steps help ensure adherence to prevailing wage requirements:

Determine if Davis-Bacon applies

Determine if Davis-Bacon applies

Davis-Bacon prevailing wage requirements attach only when federal funds are used on a project of $2,000 or more.

Obtain wage determinations

Obtain wage determinations

Pull the DOL wage determination for the project locality and construction type from SAM.gov, applying the determination in effect ten days before bid opening.

Post wage rates at the job site

Post wage rates at the job site

Display the wage determination in a conspicuous location at the job site where workers can easily access it.

Submit certified payrolls

Submit certified payrolls

File Form WH-347 weekly with the contracting agency. On federally funded ND highway projects, certified payroll is submitted to NDDOT's Labor Compliance Program.

Maintain accurate records

Maintain accurate records

Keep payroll records, including hours worked, classifications, wages, and fringe benefits, for at least three years after the prime contract is completed. Records must include worker telephone and email contact information on DOL request and must be available for inspection by DOL, NDDOT (on federally funded highway projects), or the contracting agency.

Penalties for Non-Compliance

While North Dakota doesn't have state-specific penalties, federal law imposes strict consequences for Davis-Bacon Act violations, including:

  • Back Wages owed to underpaid workers

  • Termination of the federal contract

  • Civil Penalties per violation
  • Withholding and cross-withholding of contract payments

  • Debarment from federally funded or assisted contracts

  • Criminal Prosecution for willful violations

Unique Aspects of North Dakota's Public Works System

Unique Aspects of North Dakota's Public Works System

  • NDDOT Davis-Bacon Enforcement Authority: On federally funded highway construction projects, the U.S. Department of Labor has delegated Davis-Bacon enforcement to NDDOT, which administers wage rate enforcement, certified payroll review, on-site interviews, and corrective actions through its Labor Compliance Program.
  • Contractor Licensing Requirement: Under NDCC Chapter 43-07, any person or entity that undertakes a construction job costing more than $4,000 must hold a ND contractor license issued by the Secretary of State. Licenses are issued in four classes: Class A, Class B, Class C, and Class D, with annual renewal by March 1.
  • Public Works Bond Requirements: ND public works contracts exceeding $25,000 generally require a performance bond equal to the contract price, and public building contracts valued above $50,000 require a bid bond of at least 5 percent of the proposal.
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Relevant Resources

For the most accurate and current information on prevailing wage requirements, consult the U.S. Department of Labor or your state's official labor website.

North Dakota Prevailing Wage FAQs

Does North Dakota have its own prevailing wage law?

No. ND is one of eight states that have never enacted a state prevailing wage statute, and there is no "Little Davis-Bacon Act" or substitute requirement. State and locally funded public works projects are not subject to a state prevailing wage rate. For federally funded or assisted projects of $2,000 or more, the federal Davis-Bacon Act applies, and NDDOT administers Davis-Bacon enforcement on federally funded highway construction under delegated authority from U.S. DOL.

How are prevailing wage rates determined for federally-funded projects in North Dakota?
The U.S. Department of Labor determines prevailing wage rates through local wage surveys by county and construction type, published on SAM.gov. The wage determination in effect ten days before bid opening is the one that applies, and remains in force as long as the project is awarded within 90 days. The 2023 DOL final rule lowered the prevailing rate threshold to 30 percent of surveyed workers, down from 50 percent.
What are the penalties for non-compliance with prevailing wage requirements?

Federal penalties include back wages, withholding and cross-withholding of contract payments, civil penalties per violation, CWHSSA liquidated damages per worker per day for overtime violations on covered contracts of $100,000 or more, three-year debarment from federally funded contracts, and criminal prosecution for willful violations. On federally funded highway projects, NDDOT's Labor Compliance Program can also pursue corrective actions and refer enforcement matters to DOL.

How are fringe benefits handled under the Davis-Bacon Act?

Contractors must provide bona fide fringe benefits such as health insurance, pensions, or paid leave, or pay the equivalent value as additional cash on top of the basic hourly rate. Total compensation must equal at least the basic rate plus the fringe rate listed on the applicable SAM.gov wage determination. If no fringe benefits are provided, the full total hourly rate must be paid as cash directly to the worker.